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【日本专利常见问题】对比文件是中文 / 英文文献,JPO 会采纳吗?
Time: 2026-04-24 Click count: 658
会采纳,英文、中文文献都是 JPO 审查中常见的对比文件类型,且审查员会主动检索并引用。

Part.1

采纳规则(核心结论)

语言不限:JPO 审查时完全接受英文、中文、德文等任何语言的专利文献与非专利文献作为现有技术(对比文件)。

检索范围:JPO 拥有强大的外文文献检索系统(含机器翻译),会主动检索全球专利数据库(如 USPTO、EPO、CNIPA、WIPO)及非专利文献。

法律效力:外文对比文件与日文对比文件具有同等法律效力,可用于驳回新颖性、创造性。

翻译要求:

审查员引用:审查员会提供日文译文摘要,但原文(英文 / 中文)才是判断公开内容的终依据。

申请人提交:若你主动提交外文对比文件,必须附日文译文(摘要或全文),否则审查员可能不予考虑或延迟处理。

Part2

实务要点(应对策略)

1. 审查员引用外文对比文件时

核对原文:不要只看审查员提供的日文译文,必须核对英文 / 中文原文,确认是否真的公开了全部技术特征。译文常存在偏差,原文才是关键。

指出译文错误:若审查员的日文译文与原文不符(如漏译、错译关键技术特征),可在答复中明确指出并附上正确译文,推翻其对比基础。

强调区别:即使译文正确,仍按常规思路寻找区别技术特征,主张新颖性 / 创造性。

2. 你主动提交外文对比文件时(用于无效、答复 OA)

必须附日文译文:提交英文 / 中文文献时,必须同时提交日文翻译(至少是与权利要求相关部分的精准译文)。

译文质量:技术术语必须精准,否则可能因译文不清导致对比文件不被采信。建议由专业专利翻译处理。

标注重点:在译文中标注出公开本申请技术特征的具体段落 / 页码,方便审查员快速核对。

Part3

常见误区澄清

❌ 误区:“只有日文文献才算现有技术”

✅ 正解:全球公开的文献均为现有技术,JPO 审查员日常大量引用英文、中文专利。

❌ 误区:“审查员看不懂中文,所以中文文献没用”

✅ 正解:JPO 有成熟的中日机器翻译系统(CKGS),可检索并翻译海量中国专利文献。

❌ 误区:“提交外文文献不用翻译”

✅ 正解:必须附日文译文,否则审查员无法有效审查,可能导致文件不被采纳。



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