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【日本专利常见问题】日本专利最常见的驳回理由:新颖性、创造性、不清楚、不支持如何应对?
Time: 2026-04-24 Click count: 852

Part.1

新颖性被驳回

驳回理由:权利要求的全部技术特征,被1 篇对比文件完全公开。

怎么应对

1、核对对比文件

确认对比文件的公开日是否早于本申请的优先权日。

2、找 “区别技术特征”

只要找到哪怕一个对比文件没公开、也没暗示的技术特征,就可以主张有新颖性。

3、修改策略

把区别特征加入权利要求,缩小范围

强调该特征在对比文件中完全未记载、也无法必然推导

4、不能做的事

不能新增说明书里没有的特征

Part2

不支持 / 公开不充分

驳回理由:

常见:1 篇接近现有技术 + 1 篇或多篇对比文件组合 → 本领域技术人员容易想到。

怎么应对(日本审查关键)

1、先拆三步

接近对比文件 D1

区别技术特征

解决的技术问题

2、核心打法(JPO 特别吃这一套)

D1 没有解决该技术问题的动机

其他对比文件没有给出技术启示

组合不是 “显而易见”,而是需要创造性选择 / 设计

3、强调 “技术效果”

日本审查非常看重可量化效果:

速度提升

精度提高

误差降低

能耗减少

有数据成功率大幅上升。

4、修改方式

把实现效果的关键结构 / 步骤加入独权

避免只靠 “功能描述”,要写具体结构 / 参数

Part3

不清楚被驳回

驳回理由:

术语模糊、范围不清、指代不明、修饰关系混乱、功能性限定过度。

怎么应对

1、统一术语

全文同一概念必须同一日文术语。

2、明确指代

“该部件”“上述步骤” 必须能[敏感词]确定。

3、修正范围模糊表述

JPO 特别讨厌:

“适当的”“合适的”“约”

“大致”“左右”“基本上”

必须改成明确结构 / 范围。

4、软件 / 算法特别注意

“处理部”“控制部” 必须写明具体功能 + 结构,不能只写功能。

Part4

路径总览(时间线)

驳回理由:

权利要求范围太宽,说明书支撑不了

关键步骤 / 参数缺失,无法实施

效果无法证实

怎么应对(日本审查难救)

1、缩小权利要求范围

严格贴合实施例,不要上位概括过大。

2、补全实施例逻辑

从说明书里找依据,把结构、步骤、参数对应到权利要求。

3、[敏感词]不能新增内容

一旦加了原文没有的技术内容 = 新規事項 = 直接救不回。

4、效果必须可证实

没有数据就强调原理可预测、可重复实现。

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