- Knowledge
Advantages of Russian company registration
1. Tax incentives
Some special economic zones and development zones offer income tax exemptions (up to a minimum of 2%) and value-added tax benefits.
Technological innovation enterprises can enjoy the policy of additional deduction of research and development expenses.
2. Strategic Geographic Location
Spanning across the Eurasian continent, radiating to the CIS countries and the EU market, joining the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) to enjoy the benefits of a customs union.
3. Resources and Market Potential
Rich in energy, minerals, and agricultural resources, with a huge consumer market of 140 million people.
4. Policy support
Foreign funded enterprises in the manufacturing industry IT、 Logistics and other fields can apply for government subsidies.
5. International image enhancement
Registering a Russian company helps establish a localized brand and enhance customer trust.
1、 Types of Russian companies
01. Limited Liability Company (OOO)
characteristic
Shareholders bear limited liability, with a minimum registered capital of 10000 rubles (approximately 800 RMB), and at least one shareholder/director is required
Applicable scenarios
Small and medium-sized trade and service enterprises
02. Joint Stock Company (AO)
characteristic
Divided into public (PAO) and non-public (NAO), with a registered capital starting at 100000 rubles, stocks can be issued
Requirement: Large enterprises, planned IPO financing projects
03. Individual Entrepreneur (IP)
characteristic:
Sole proprietorship by natural person, unlimited liability, easy registration
Applicable scenarios
Small scale retailers and freelancers
04. Branch offices/representative offices
Characteristics and Applicable Scenarios:
Non legal entity, parent company bears joint and several liability
Applicable scenarios
Market research and liaison business
2、 Russian company registration
Core conditions
01. Shareholders/Directors
At least one person, no nationality restrictions (passport notarization certificate required).
02. Registered capital
The minimum amount is 10000 rubles (50% or more must be paid in).
03. Registered address
Actual office address within Russia is required (virtual address can be rented).
04. Company Name
It must include the Russian name and transliteration of Latin letters, and cannot be duplicated with existing enterprises.
3、 Russian company registration materials
1. Articles of Association (Устав)
2. Notarized and authenticated passport of shareholders/directors (Chinese nationals require dual authentication)
3. Registered address lease agreement or ownership certificate
4. Application Form (Ø ормар 11001)
5. Certificate of Registered Capital Payment (issued by the bank)
6. Business scope code (ОКЭД, one main code needs to be selected)
4、 Russian company registration process(Taking OOO as an example)
Step 1: (Taking OOO as an example)
Check the availability of the name on the official website of the Federal Tax Service (ØНС) and determine the ОКЭД code.
Step 2: Material Preparation and Notarization
Shareholder passports, company articles of association and other documents need to be authenticated by the Russian Embassy in China or The Hague.
Step 3: Submit registration application
Submit materials through the Federal Tax Office's online system or offline to pay national fees (approximately 4000 rubles).
Step 4: Obtain registration documents
After about 7 working days, obtain the unified national legal person registration number (ОГパН) and tax registration number (いНН).
Step 5: Engrave the official seal
Produce official seals with tax codes at designated institutions (to be filed).
Step 6: Open a bank account
Provide the original registration documents and complete the opening of the company account (recommended mainstream banks such as Sberbank and VTB).
Step 7: Social Security and Statistical Registration
Submit employee information to the pension fund (Пいパ) and the social insurance fund (шス).
5、 Russian company registrationprecautions
1. Industry access restrictions
Industries such as military, aerospace, and media require special permits, and the proportion of foreign ownership is limited.
2. Tax compliance
Value added tax (20%), corporate income tax (20%), and personal income tax (13-15%) need to be declared monthly.
Enterprises must prepay corporate income tax in each financial quarter and submit the annual tax declaration form before March 28th of the following year. The company can choose to declare on a monthly or quarterly basis, regardless of whether it is operating or not, and must declare, otherwise the company will face fines.
3. Address authenticity
The virtual address needs to ensure that it can receive official letters and avoid being listed in the list of abnormal business operations due to loss of contact.
4. Annual review requirements
Submit annual financial reports and undergo mandatory audits for registered capital exceeding 400 million rubles.
The annual audit includes reviewing company information, financial statements, etc. After completion, submit the annual audit report, and obtain the annual audit certificate by passing the audit.
6、 Russian company registrationfrequently asked questions
Can foreigners control 100% of Russian companies?
Except for restricted industries such as media and aviation, foreign ownership is allowed.
Do we need a local director?
There is no mandatory requirement by law, but it is recommended to appoint Russian residents as tax contacts.
How long does it take to complete the registration process?
With complete materials, it takes about 15-30 working days, and urgent services can be shortened to 10 days.
Does the registered capital need to be paid in?
More than 50% must be paid in within 4 months after registration, and the remaining amount can be paid in full during the company's existence.
Does the document require Russian translation?
All foreign language materials must be translated and authenticated by a Russian notary public.
How to open a company bank account?
The legal representative needs to bring the complete set of original registration documents to Russia for face-to-face signing, and some banks support remote video account opening.


