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【美国商标注册常见问题】公告期多长?第三方异议可延多久?
Time: 2025-11-03 Click count: 881

一、公告期时长与规则

1、法定公告期:

30天:商标通过实质审查后,将在USPTO官方公报(Official Gazette)上公告,第三方可在公告日起 30个自然日 内提出异议。

不可缩短:该期限为法定[敏感词]时限,USPTO无权缩减。

2、延期请求(第三方发起):

异议意向通知(Notice of Extension Request):潜在异议人可在30天截止日前提交 Extension Request to Oppose(延期请求),获得额外时间评估是否正式异议。

延期时长

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上限限制:异议准备期长 150天(30天原期限+累计120天延期),超期则丧失异议权。

二、第三方异议程序与时间线

(1) 异议启动(TTAB程序)

提交异议书(Notice of Opposition):异议方需在公告期(含延长期)内,向商标审判和上诉委员会(TTAB) 正式提交异议,说明法律依据(如商标混淆、缺乏显著性等)。

申请人答辩期:异议提交后,申请人有 40天 时间提交答辩书(Answer),否则视为放弃商标(类似默认判决)。

(2) 异议程序持续时间

异议程序可能持续 1-2年,具体取决于案件复杂度:

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数据参考:2023年USPTO统计显示,约 4.7% 的公告商标遭遇异议,其中 62% 通过和解或谈判解决,仅 28% 进入TTAB裁决阶段。

三、公告期风险应对策略

1、主动监控公告:

使用USPTO的 Trademark Status and Document Retrieval (TSDR) 系统跟踪申请状态,确认公告日期Published for Opposition

设置截止日提醒(公告日+30/60/90/150天)。

2、异议预警信号:

收到第三方质询信(Letter of Protest):可能预示潜在异议,需评估风险。

发现近似商标权利人:主动联系协商共存协议(Coexistence Agreement),避免异议(需提交TTAB备案)。

3、遭遇异议的应对:

成本评估:异议程序律师费通常 $20,000-$50,000+,需权衡商标价值。

和解优先:在证据开示前达成和解(如修改商品范围、增加商标区别元素)。

强制驳回异议:若异议方缺乏法律依据,可提交 Motion to Dismiss(驳回动议)。

四、公告期结束后的流程

1、无异议/异议失败:USPTO将在公告期结束(或TTAB裁决后)约3个月 内发放 注册证书(Registration Certificate)。

2、异议成功:商标申请被驳回,申请人可上诉或重新申请(需解决冲突问题)。

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