- Knowledge
Advantages of Polish company registration
1. Superior geographical location
Poland is located in the center of Europe, adjacent to Western European countries such as Germany, and serves as a bridge between the European Union and the Central and Eastern European markets, with obvious geographical advantages.
2. Tax preferential policies
Poland's corporate income tax is friendly to small businesses, with a tax rate of only 9%, while Germany and France have a corporate income tax rate of 15%. For small and medium-sized enterprises that want to control costs, this is a great advantage.
3. High quality talent resources
Poland has a high-level education system, low labor costs, and abundant human resources, especially in the fields of engineering and IT, where the professionalism of talent is high.
4. A stable economic environment
The Polish economy is developing steadily and is one of the most attractive investment markets in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland is located in the center of Europe, and after registering a company, it can easily enter the entire EU market, especially suitable for enterprises that want to expand their international business. In fact, Xiaomi, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Haier, Vivo, OPPO all entered Europe from Warsaw, Poland.
5. Lower registration requirements
Foreign companies can be completely managed by foreigners, and Poland does not require Polish local directors, which provides greater flexibility for enterprise operation. In Poland, you can choose to rent reasonably priced office space, and the Polish government allows the use of virtual offices to reduce operating costs.
1、 Types of Polish Companies
01. Limited Liability Company (Sp ó ł ka z ograniczon ą odpowiedzialno ś ci ą, Sp. z o.o.)
characteristic:
Shareholders shall be liable up to the amount of their capital contribution, with a minimum registered capital of 5000 PLN (approximately 1100 euros), which must be paid in.
Suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises, with one or more shareholders.
Advantages: controllable risks, simple registration process, and the most common form of foreign-funded company.
02. Sp ó ł ka Akcyjna, S.A
characteristic:
The minimum registered capital is 100000 PLN (approximately 22000 euros), which can be publicly offered.
Suitable for large enterprises or companies planning to go public.
03. Sole Proprietorship Enterprise (Jednosobowa dzia ł alno ść gospodarcza, JDG)
characteristic:
Sole proprietorship by natural persons, with unlimited liability and no requirement for registered capital.
Suitable for freelancers and small service providers.
04. Partnership Company
Sp ó ł ka jawna: All partners assume unlimited liability.
Limited Partnership Company (Sp ó ł ka komandytowa): At least one unlimited liability partner and one limited liability partner.
2、 Core requirements for Polish company registration
01. Shareholders and Directors
Foreigners are allowed to hold 100% shares without local directors.
A limited liability company shall have at least one shareholder, and a joint stock limited company shall have at least three shareholders.
02. Registered capital
Sp. z o.o.: A minimum of 5000 PLN must be deposited into the company's bank account before registration.
S. A.: Minimum 100000 PLN, can be paid in installments.
03. Registered address
Actual office address in Poland is required (virtual office can be rented).
04. Tax registration
After registration, you need to apply for a tax number (NIP) and a value-added tax number (VAT), and VAT is required for transactions within the European Union.
3、 Polish company registration materials
(1) Company Name
Provide 3 alternative names (in Polish), with the suffix indicating the type (such as Sp. z o.o.).
(2) Shareholder/Director Documents
Copy of passport or ID card (requires Polish translation and notarization).
Proof of address (water and electricity bills or bank statements from the past 3 months).
(3) Company Articles of Association (Statut)
Clearly define the business scope, equity structure, and management rules.
(4) Proof of Registered Address
Lease contract or property rights document (to be notarized).
(5) Certificate of Registered Capital
Deposit certificate issued by the bank.
4、 Polish company registration process
Step 1: Name pre-approval
Verify name availability through the online system of the Polish State Court Registry (KRS) within 1-2 working days.
Step 2: Draft the company's articles of association
The articles of association shall be notarized by Notariusz in Poland, and the shareholders shall sign the document (an appointment for notarization is required).
Step 3: Open a company bank account
Deposit registered capital and obtain a deposit certificate.
Step 4: Submit to the commercial court for registration
Submit an application to the regional court, including the company's articles of association, shareholder documents, proof of registered address, etc. (cost: 600 PLN).
Approval time: approximately 7-14 working days.
Step 5: Tax and Social Security Registration
Apply for a tax number (NIP) and value-added tax number (VAT) from the tax bureau (1-3 working days).
Register for social insurance (ZUS) and pay social security for employees.
Step 6: Obtain a business license
Some industries require additional licenses (such as catering, construction, and pharmaceuticals) and need to apply to relevant departments.
5、 Notes on registering a Polish company
1. Language requirements
All documents must be in Polish, and non Polish documents must be notarized by a sworn translator (T ł umacz przysi ę g ł y).
2. Annual Compliance
Submit annual financial report (Sp. z o.o. must be submitted within 10 months after the end of the fiscal year).
Declare VAT on time (monthly or quarterly).
3. Local representative
It is recommended to entrust a Polish lawyer or agency to handle the registration to avoid process delays.
6、 Common Problems in Polish Company Registration
Can foreigners register Polish companies remotely?
Sure, but notarization and bank account opening require shareholders to visit Poland in person or authorize a local representative (through POA).
What is the total registration fee?
Approximately 3000-5000 PLN (including notary fees, government fees, and agency service fees).
Do we need to hire local employees?
There is no mandatory requirement, but employees must comply with Polish labor laws (such as signing contracts and paying social security).
Can a company bank account be opened overseas?
No, the registered capital needs to be deposited into a local bank account in Poland (such as PKO BP, Santander).
What is the value-added tax (VAT) rate?
The standard tax rate is 23%, and some goods and services are subject to preferential tax rates of 8% or 5%.


