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【专利知识小课堂】韩国专利申请中的特殊制度
Time: 2025-04-02 Click count: 983

01、优先审查制度

为了照顾特殊的专利申请,提升该类申请的审查速度,韩国设立专利优先审查制度39,对以下几种情形可以适用该制度:①申请公布后,其他人正在实施该专利申请的内容。②该专利申请属于总统令规定的需要紧急处理的专利申请时。③属于总统令中规定的用于防灾、救助、灾后恢复等情形时。其中第②条中的情形包括的情形较多,例如涉及国防工业、环保、出口促进、中小企业优惠、[敏感词]研发计划等情形40。此外,通过 PPH 审查项目,也能加快审查速度。PPH 是专利审查机构之间开展的审查结果共享的业务合作。当申请人在在先审查机构提交的专利申请中的权利要求被确定为可授权时,便可以此为基础向在后审查局的对应申请提出加快审查请求。目前中、美、欧、日、韩五国知识产权局均支持该合作项目41。申请 PPH 审查项目通常需要提交的文件包括在先审查局的审查意见书副本及其翻译件、在先审查局确定的具有可专利性的权利要求副本及其译文、引用文件副本、权利要求对照表


02、专利类型转换制度(变更申请制度)

在超出收到[敏感词]次驳回决定起的 3 个月的时间之后,不得请求将发明专利转换为实用新型专利,反之亦然。


03
再审制度

再审制度是指,在收到驳回决定 3 个月内且未提起复审之前,或收到授权决定之日起到办登时限为止的期间内,申请人可以修改申请文件,并请求审查员重新进行审查。请求审查员进行重新审查的申请一旦提出,不可撤回。

   

若在针对授权或驳回的专利提出再审,则原来的授权或驳回决定自动撤销;若针对无效的专利提出再审,则原来的无效决定并不会自动撤销。


04、单方程序和双方程序的加速制度

原则上,韩国知识产权审判和上诉委员会按照案件申请的顺序进行处理,但碰到特殊情形,则可以优先其他案件进行处理,具体分为一般加速的“优先审理”和比一般加速更快的“快速审理”。韩国政府允许17 种“优先审理”的情形,主要包括与药品审批相关的案件、半导体相关的案件等。“快速审理”适用的情形主要是与侵权纠纷诉讼中专利权确权相关的案件、司法机构正在调查的案件等。

在 2023 年下半年开始,韩国知识产权审判和上诉委员会为了进一步加快审批流程,引入“审判决定日期通知制度”,即在审判完成后向申请人发出的通知中列明具体的处理决定发布的日期。在此之前,具体的处理决定发布的日期通常需要 20 天,且存在较大的不确定性。



           


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